氯霉素(chloramphenicol,CAP)是一种高效广谱抗生素,对葡萄球菌、伤寒杆菌、炭疽杆菌、革兰氏阴性细菌等多种病菌均有抑制作用〔1〕。作为抗菌药应用几十年来,为人类抵抗病菌感染做出了切实贡献。然而随着应用加深,人们逐渐发现氯霉素具有多种毒副作用,如抑制骨髓造血功能,引 Chloramphenicol (CAP) is a highly effective broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits a wide range of pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus anthracis, and Gram-negative bacteria [1]. As antibacterial drug application for decades, for human resistance to bacterial infection has made a real contribution. However, with the deepening of the application, people gradually found that chloramphenicol has a variety of toxic and side effects, such as inhibition of bone marrow hematopoietic function, lead