铁路客车在运用过程中要在始发站或到达站停留,而且运行区段愈短,停留时间愈长。冬季仅在哈尔科夫枢纽站,20列车的车底一昼夜的停留时间即可约达4300个车·时。冬季,停留客车的供暖需要消耗大量的能源。考虑到客车采暖系统中所用锅炉的效率比固定式锅炉或中央热电站(尤其是使用气体或液体燃料的锅炉)的效率低得多,所以我们认为应对许多车站停留客车的集中供 During the operation of the railway passenger car, it is necessary to stop at the starting station or arrival station, and the shorter the running section, the longer the staying time. Winter only Kharkiv hub station, 20 train car at the end of a day and night time to about 4300 car hours. In winter, it takes a lot of energy to stay in a bus for heating. Considering the efficiency of boilers used in passenger car heating systems is much less efficient than stationary boilers or central thermal power stations, especially those using gas or liquid fuels, we believe that the concentration of buses for many stops should be provided