变应性紧急疾患是继发于免疫反应所释放的化学介质所致。临床所见为能危及生命的过敏反应和喉头水肿。其病因常不明。本文着重探讨其病理生理学途径、常见致病物质及预防措施。症状:患者暴露于变应原后,通常于数秒至数分钟内发生过敏反应。初起症状常为皮肤红斑、热感和全身性荨麻疹,常继以支气管痉挛,发生呼吸困难和/或伴有喉头水肿。胃肠道症状表现为呕吐、腹痛、腹泻(偶为血 Allergic emergency is secondary to the immune response released by the chemical mediator. Clinical findings are life-threatening allergic reactions and laryngeal edema. The etiology is unclear. This article focuses on its pathophysiology pathway, common pathogenic substances and preventive measures. Symptoms: An allergic reaction usually occurs in seconds to minutes after exposure to allergens. The initial symptoms often erythema, fever and generalized urticaria, often followed by bronchospasm, dyspnea and / or associated with laryngeal edema. Gastrointestinal symptoms of vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea (even blood