考辨一个学术名家有否思想家的独立品格,关键是看他在特殊历史时段能否于思维方法层面规避强制性主潮,而为学术史留下难得的尊严。正是在这意义上,钱钟书1958年问世的《宋诗选注》,其价值绝不限于古代文学论域,更是在知识伦理学上有以下启示:一个学人的知识储备所以能转化为他婉拒非学术模式的智慧力量,根子恐怕不在其博识性学问的富赡,而是在其价值性品格的不被化约。但钱钟书的独立自由并不诉诸陈寅恪式的悲壮。钱钟书面对特殊语境时的特点在于,他会殚精竭虑地寻觅隐晦地言说其卓识的述学方式。这体现在《宋诗选注》中,也就是刻意将它写成一块“模糊的铜镜”。这是钱钟书的“思默存于学”。 The key to examining whether or not an academic personality has an independent personality of a thinker is to see whether he can evade the mandatory main trend of thought at a special historical time and leave a rare dignity for academic history. It is in this sense that Qian Zhongshu’s “Selected Poems of the Song Dynasty”, which came out in 1958, is by no means limited in its scope to the ancient literary field. It also has the following enlightenment in the field of knowledge ethics: a student’s knowledge base can be transformed into He declined the wisdom power of non-academic models, and the root probably was not beyond the richness of his learned knowledge, but was not reduced in its value character. However, Qian’s independent freedom did not resort to Chen Yinke’s tragic style. The peculiarity of Qian’s face with a special context is that he will spare no effort in looking for a vague way of saying his knowledge. This is reflected in the “Song poetry election”, which is deliberately put it in a “blurry copper mirror.” This is Qian Zhongshu’s “Somerset exists in learning.”