１９９６年是有机化学奠基人之一、德国化学家弗里德里克·奥古斯特·凯库勒（１８２９—１８９６年）逝世１００周年。１８９６年的７月１３日这位大化学家逝世于波恩。他对有机化合物的分类、原子价及结构化学的深刻见解，以及提出的苯六元环模型改变了整个有机化学的面貌。我们谨以这篇百年祭文来追溯他取得的这些理论成就的背景。 1996 is one of the founders of organic chemistry, the 100th anniversary of the German chemist Friedrich August Keukler (1829-1896). On July 13, 1896, the great chemist died in Bonn. His insight into the classification of organic compounds, atomic valence and structural chemistry, and the proposed benzene six-membered ring model have changed the face of the entire organic chemistry. We would like to trace the background of these theoretical achievements he has made with this hundred-year sacrificial offering.