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目的:收集相关的文献资料,对静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)患者的临床表现、危险因素进行荟萃分析。方法:查询中国生物医学文献库,查阅1999年至2009年中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普全文电子期刊中有关VTE的文献,对确诊为深静脉血栓形成(DVT)和肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)患者的一般情况、临床表现、高危因素等进行统计分析。结果:共纳入文献142篇,其中DVT相关80篇,PTE相关62篇;共计纳入患者9 049例,其中DVT患者6 296例,PTE患者2 753例。DVT患者的症状主要为患肢肿胀(68.23%)、疼痛(61.68%)、浅静脉曲张(16.95%)、下肢活动障碍(12.96%);PTE患者的主要临床表现为呼吸困难(61.00%)、胸痛(47.55%)、咳嗽(27.43%)、心率>100次/分(25.33%)等。DVT的危险因素包括年龄>40岁(92.72%)、手术(27.51%)、吸烟(18.56%)、心脏疾病(12.76%)、高血压(11.29%)、肿瘤(10.42%)等;PTE的危险因素则包括年龄>40岁(93.25%)、DVT史(33.97%)、心脏疾病(16.95%)、卧床(10.22%)、高血压(9.84%)。结论:通过了解VTE致病的危险因素,细致掌握具有一定特点的临床表现,可提高VTE的诊断水平,减少误诊、漏诊,并可及早开展干预治疗,降低病死率。
OBJECTIVE: To collect relevant literature and to conduct a meta-analysis of the clinical manifestations and risk factors of patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods: The Chinese biomedical literature database was searched, and the literature about VTE in Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI) from 1999 to 2009 was reviewed. The diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) ) The general situation of patients, clinical manifestations, risk factors such as statistical analysis. Results: A total of 142 articles were included, of which 80 were related to DVT and 62 were PTE related. A total of 9 049 patients were enrolled, including 6 296 DVT patients and 2 753 PTE patients. The main symptoms of DVT were limb swelling (68.23%), pain (61.68%), superficial varicose veins (16.95%) and lower extremity movement disorders (12.96%). The main clinical manifestations of PTE were dyspnea (61.00% Chest pain (47.55%), cough (27.43%), heart rate> 100 beats / min (25.33%) and so on. Risk factors for DVT include age> 40 years (92.72%), surgery (27.51%), smoking (18.56%), heart disease (12.76%), hypertension (11.29%), cancer Factors include age> 40 years old (93.25%), DVT history (33.97%), heart disease (16.95%), bed rest (10.22%), hypertension (9.84%). Conclusion: By understanding the risk factors of VTE and carefully grasping the clinical manifestations of certain features, it can improve the diagnosis of VTE, reduce the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis, and can early intervention and reduce the mortality.