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目的了解贫困地区更年期妇女健康状况,为开展贫困地区更年期妇女保健工作提供参考依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取居住在青海省互助县5个乡的485名40～60岁妇女,以问卷形式调查更年期妇女月经史、更年期症状、更年期保健情况及性生活情况。结果更年期症状发生率为87.63%,更年期知晓情况为16.91%,仅有6.39%的妇女曾进行过体检;怀孕次数、分娩次数为更年期保健知识知晓情况的危险因素,OR值分别为1.86,2.31(P<0.05);较高的文化程度、稳定的家庭经济状况、居住环境、家人的关怀为保护因素,OR值为0.45～0.65(P<0.05);有性生活的妇女更年期症状发生率低于无性生活的妇女(P<0.05)。结论贫困地区更年期妇女缺乏更年期保健知识和意识,更年期妇女的健康教育及保健亟需加强。
Objective To understand the health status of menopausal women in impoverished areas and provide a reference for carrying out health care of menopausal women in impoverished areas. Methods A total of 485 women aged 40-60 who lived in Huzhu County of Qinghai Province were sampled by random cluster sampling method. Menstrual history, menopause symptoms, menopausal health conditions and sexual life were investigated by questionnaires. Results The incidence of menopausal symptoms was 87.63%, menopause was 16.91%, and only 6.39% of the women had physical examinations. The number of pregnancies and number of deliveries were the risk factors for menopausal health knowledge, the OR values were 1.86 and 2.31 OR = 0.45-0.65 (P <0.05). The incidence of menopausal symptoms in women who had sex life was lower than that in women with sex life (P <0.05). The higher the education level, the stable family economy, the living environment and the family care were the protection factors Asexual women (P <0.05). Conclusion Climacteric women in poor areas lack of knowledge and awareness of menopausal health care, and health education and care of menopausal women urgently need to be strengthened.