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传统认为,亚当·斯密在其《国富论》中探讨如何增大一国财富之主要方式是从三个方面来阐述的。第一是分工,其次是资本积累,再则是政府的经济政策,并认为这三个方面形成经济增长的主要因素。我认为这种观点是不全面的,事实上这三个方面是斯密整个经济发展思想的一部分,还有另外一个很重要的方面被人们所忽视,那就是他对制度的分析和规定。本文从整体上探讨了斯密经济发展思想,认为斯密的经济发展思想主要包括两大部分,其一是“制度”对经济增长的影响,其二是经济增长各因素的分析。并分析斯密模型对中国经济发展的启示。 一、经济发展的制度分析:
Traditionally, Adam Smith’s main method of exploring how to increase the wealth of a country in his “Wealth of Nations Theory” is elaborated from three aspects. The first division of labor, followed by the accumulation of capital, and then the government’s economic policy, and that these three aspects form the main factor of economic growth. In my opinion, this view is not comprehensive. In fact, these three aspects are part of Smith’s entire idea of economic development. There is another important aspect overlooked by others, that is, his analysis and regulation of the system. This paper discusses the thought of Smith’s economic development as a whole and holds that Smith’s economic development thought mainly consists of two parts. One is the impact of “institution” on economic growth and the other is the analysis of various factors of economic growth. And analyzes the implications of Smith’s model for China’s economic development. First, the institutional analysis of economic development: