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目的:探讨下颌磨牙区植入的种植体尖端与下牙槽神经管上缘之间的安全距离。方法:用游标卡尺测量23例患者全景片中的30颗下颌磨牙区种植体长度,除以对应的种植体实际长度,计算全景片中下颌磨牙区垂直放大率(vertical magnification factor,MF);选择种植体尖端至下牙槽神经管上缘间距离小于2mm的8例患者的全景片,测量片中12颗种植体尖端至下牙槽神经管上缘间的距离,除以对应种植体的垂直放大率,计算其实际距离;记录该8例患者有无下唇和(或)颏部感觉异常。结果:①全景片中下颌磨牙区垂直放大率为1.27±0.02;②12颗种植体尖端距下牙槽神经管上缘之间的距离为(1.19±0.33)mm(0.69～1.89mm);③8例接受种植体植入的患者,无一例出现下唇或颏部感觉异常。结论:下颌磨牙区植入种植体的尖端与下颌管上缘之间保存完整的骨壁,是防止损伤下牙槽神经的最关键因素之一。
Objective: To study the safety distance between the tip of implant implanted in the mandibular molars and the upper edge of the inferior alveolar nerve canal. Methods: Vertical magnification factor (MF) of mandibular molars in panoramic films was calculated by measuring the length of implants of 30 mandibular molars in the panoramic films of 23 patients by vernier calipers and dividing them by the actual length of corresponding implants. The distance from the tip of the body to the upper edge of the inferior alveolar nerve canal was less than 2 mm. The distance between the tip of the 12 implants and the upper edge of the inferior alveolar nerve canal was divided by the vertical enlargement of the corresponding implant Rate, calculate the actual distance; record the 8 patients with or without the lower lip and / or chin sensory abnormalities. Results: (1) The vertical magnification of mandibular molars in panoramic films was 1.27 ± 0.02. The distance between the tip of 12 implants and the upper edge of inferior alveolar nerve was (1.19 ± 0.33) mm (0.69 ~ 1.89mm). None of the patients undergoing implantation implants felt abnormalities in the lower lip or chin. Conclusion: The intact bone wall between the tip of mandibular molar implants and the upper edge of mandibular canal is one of the most critical factors to prevent the lower alveolar nerve from injuring.