为了实现原油的生物降解,从3个石油污染场地的土壤中富集了原油降解微生物菌群.采用重量法分析了富集菌群的降解效率和原油族组分的变化情况,并通过控制环境因素变化来研究菌群最佳降油条件和混合菌群的优势菌属.实验结果表明,分离得到的菌群显示出可靠的原油生物降解率,而其混合物的原油生物降解效率30 d内高达(48.0±3.5)％.反应过程中降解了11.1％的胶质、79.7％的饱和烃和45.7％的芳烃.原油生物降解的最佳反应条件为中性pH,30℃且矿物盐浓度为0.8％～4.0％.混合菌群中的优势属为Pseudomonas、Stenotrophomonas、Brucella、Serratia、Brevundimonass和Achromobacter,在原油降解期间,群落中物种的丰富度和多样性是稳定的.因此,从多个不同来源进行微生物富集以构建混合菌群用于原油污染生物修复是可行的.“,”Crude oil-degrading microbial consortia were enriched from three oil-contaminated sites to achieve the efficient biodegradation of crude oil,especially its refractory residues.The gravimetric method was used to analyze the degradation efficiency of the enriched consortia and changes in the fractions of the crude oil.The effects of changes in environmental factors were also studied to determine the optimal oil-reducing conditions and assess the dominant bacteria of the mixed flora.Results show that all three consortia exhibit reliable crude oil-biodegradation abilities and that their mixture results in biodegradation rate are as high as(48.0 ± 3.5)％ over 30 d of incubation.The consortium mixture can degrade 11.1％ of the refractory resins,79.7％of the saturated hydrocarbons,and 45.7％ of the aromatics in crude oil.Neutral pH,an incubation temperature of 30 ℃,and low mineral salt concentrations (0.8％ to 4.0％) are optimal for crude oil biodegradation.The dominant genera in the consortium mixture include Pseudomonas,Stenotrophomonas,Brucella,Serratia,Brevundimonas,and Achromobacter.The richness and diversity of the microbial community in the consortium remain stable during crude oil degradation.Therefore,microbial enrichment from multiple sources may be performed to construct a mixed consortium for crude oil pollution bioremediation.