A combined Raman/elastic backscatter lidar observations is carried out in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) China. The results show the largest lidar ratios of the order of 80 sr in the uplifting boundary layer in 2-3 km during the haze period. In the moderate
It is demonstrated experimentally that the anharmonic property of the quadrupole trap can be exploited to cool trapped atoms by modulating the trap potential anisotropically. This cooling effect arises from the energy-selective removal of the most energet
In this Letter, we experimentally investigate fast temporal intensity dynamics and statistical properties of the cladding-pumped Er/Yb co-doped random Rayleigh feedback fiber laser (EYRFL) for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. By using the opt
In this letter, we propose a bidirectional optical amplification scheme for fiber-optic time transfer based on bidirectional wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) transmission. The proposed scheme employs single unidirectional erbiumdoped fiber amplifier