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为了使微波散射计测得的海面后向散射具有足够的精度，必须考虑大气对微波衰减的影响。大气对微波的衰减可以用微波辐射计来测定。本文将估算晴空、云和降雨天气下的衰减系数，讨论计算海面发射率及用微波辐射计剩余亮温估算散射计工作频率下大气衰减的方法。
In order for the microwave scatterometer to measure the backscatter of the sea with sufficient accuracy, the influence of the atmosphere on the microwave attenuation must be considered. Atmospheric microwave attenuation can be measured using a microwave radiometer. This article will estimate the attenuation factor under clear sky, cloud and rainy weather, and discuss the method of calculating the sea surface emissivity and estimating the atmospheric attenuation at the operating frequency of the scatterometer by using the remaining bright temperature of the microwave radiometer.