随着分子生物学技术的迅速发展,口腔微生物的分类亦从传统的表型分类进入到各种分子水平分类。多相分类综合了表型和遗传型以及系统发育特征,更加客观地反映了生物间系统进化的关系。本文就蛋白质电泳图谱、G+C摩尔分数、分子杂交、16S rRNA序列分析和代谢组学等口腔微生物多相分类方法作一综述。 With the rapid development of molecular biology techniques, the classification of oral microorganisms has also entered the classification of various molecular levels from the traditional phenotypic classification. Polymorphism combines phenotypic and genetic patterns and phylogenetic characteristics to more objectively reflect the phylogenetic relationship between organisms. In this review, we reviewed the methods of polyphasic classification of oral microorganisms, such as protein electrophoresis pattern, G + C mole fraction, molecular hybridization, 16S rRNA sequence analysis and metabolomics.