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利用半导体激光器在45钢表面制备了Fe-36Ni因瓦合金熔覆层。采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)及能谱(EDS)对熔覆层的显微微组织进行分析。利用显微硬度计和磨损试验机以及多功能材料表面性能测试仪测试熔覆层的显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:单道Fe-36Ni因瓦合金熔覆层表面光滑,组织均匀致密,多道搭接熔覆层组织在搭接外出现较多裂纹。熔覆涂层物相为Fe_(0.64)Ni_(0.36)和γ-(Fe,Ni)相,保证了因瓦效应的产生;单道与多道熔覆层的平均显微硬度基本相同,分别为395 HV0.2和389.2 HV0.2;单道与多道熔覆涂层的摩擦系数分别为0.508和0.602;单道熔覆层的耐磨性是多道搭接熔覆涂层的3.1倍。
The Fe-36Ni Invar cladding layer was prepared on the surface of 45 steel by using semiconductor laser. The microstructure of the cladding layer was analyzed by OM, SEM, XRD and EDS. The microhardness and friction and wear properties of the cladding were tested with a microhardness tester and a wear tester as well as a multi-functional surface property tester. The results show that the surface of the single-pass Fe-36Ni invar is smooth and the microstructure is even and dense. The lap joints of the lap-lap cladding are more cracked. The coating phase is Fe_ (0.64) Ni_ (0.36) and γ_ (Fe, Ni) phases, which ensure the generation of Invar effect. The average microhardness of single and multi-pass coatings are basically the same, 395 HV0.2 and 389.2 HV0.2; the coefficient of friction of the single-pass and multi-pass coatings are 0.508 and 0.602, respectively; the wear resistance of the single pass is 3.1 times of the lap coating .