一、运筹学的性质运筹学这一名词是1938年罗维(A.P.Rowe)开始使用的.经过42年的发展,运筹学的含义已日渐明确.一般说来,运筹学就是研究“正在运行或将要运行的体系”的一门科学.说得比较确切些,它就是研究“可以为人的决定所影响”的体系的一门科学.例如在战争时期,可用它来研究人力、物力如何使用;在和平时期,可用它来研究生产的规划和布局等.因此,运筹学的研究范围极其广阔,但运筹学工作者一般只研究一些带有典型性的问题,使得所研究的结果具有比较广泛的适应性. 运筹学所研究的问题一般都表现为人与物的关 I. The Nature of Operations Research The term operations research was used by APRowe in 1938. After 42 years of development, the significance of operations research has become increasingly clear.Organica- tion, in general, is the study of “ To put it more precisely, it is a science that studies the system of ”what can be influenced by human decisions." For example, during the war, it was used to study how manpower and material resources were used. In In peace time, it can be used to study the planning and layout of production, etc. Therefore, the research scope of operations research is extremely broad, however, the research workers generally only study some typical problems and make the results of the research have more extensive adaptation The problems studied by Operations Research are generally expressed as the relationship between people and things