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序言日本《民法》第392条(共同抵押的价金分配)、393条(共同抵押的代位登记)的规定构成了共同抵押制度。这些规定的主要着眼点在于保护在共同抵押之后设定的次顺位抵押权(包括单一不动产上的抵押权乃至数个标的物的共同抵押权等)。即使是处于如此地位的次顺位抵押权也并不一定必须由以上两个条文来进行规制,这是长久以来存在的问题意识。特别是日本民法中作为次顺位抵押权人代位先顺位抵押权人的制度,还存在着物上保证人的清偿代位(《民法》第500条及504条)制度,所以对于这两个制度的交错有着不少的讨论。
Preamble The provisions of Article 392 of Japan’s Civil Code (Allocation of Value of Co-Mortgage) and 393 (Subrogation of Co-Mortgage) constitute the common mortgage system. The main focus of these provisions is to protect subprime mortgages (including mortgages on multiple parcels and common mortgages over several sub-parities) set after co-collateralization. Even the so-called sub-cis mortgage does not have to be regulated by the above two provisions, which has long been a problem awareness. In particular, the system of subrogation of the mortgagee in the civil law as the first mortgagee in Japan’s civil law also includes the system of settling the guarantor’s subrogation (Articles 500 and 504 of the Civil Code). Therefore, for these two systems There are many discussions staggered.