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目的了解北京市丰台区流动人口人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、梅毒的感染情况、相关行为及其影响因素。方法采取横断面研究设计、分段整群抽样的方法选取4类不同职业类别流动人口,即建筑工人、企业工人、三星级宾馆服务人员及劳务市场寻工人员,共1 625人,进行问卷调查及血清学检测。结果 1 625名流动人口中HIV血清学检测均为阴性;梅毒酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)阳性率为0.37%,梅毒快速血浆反应环状卡片试验(RPR)阳性率0.12%;最近1年是否与临时性伴发生性行为及是否发生过同性性行为是感染梅毒的危险因素。72.7%的调查对象仍对HIV感染者或艾滋病患者有歧视态度,文化程度(χ2=13.273,P<0.01)和艾滋病知识知晓情况(OR=0.484,95%CI=0.354～0.663)是影响艾滋病歧视态度的直接因素。32.4%的调查对象在出现生殖系统症状时选择不规范处理措施。结论北京市丰台区流动人口HIV、梅毒感染率较低,但是梅毒、艾滋病传播的危险因素依然存在,仍需要加大综合干预的力度。
Objective To understand the infection, related behaviors and influencing factors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis among floating population in Fengtai District of Beijing. Methods A total of 1 625 migrant workers, workers in enterprises, 3-star hotel service workers and labor market seekers were selected from 4 cross-sectional study designs and segmented cluster sampling methods to carry out a questionnaire Investigation and serological test. Results The positive rate of syphilis ELISA was 0.37%, and the positive rate of syphilis RPR was 0.12% in the 1 625 floating population. The last one year was Sexual intercourse with adolescent partners and whether homosexual behaviors occurred were risk factors for syphilis infection. 72.7% of the respondents still discriminated against HIV-infected persons or AIDS patients. The level of education (χ2 = 13.273, P <0.01) and AIDS knowledge (OR = 0.484, 95% CI = 0.354-0.663) The direct factor of attitude. 32.4% of the respondents chose to take non-standard measures in case of reproductive system symptoms. Conclusions The prevalence of HIV and syphilis in floating population in Fengtai District of Beijing is low, but the risk factors of syphilis and AIDS transmission still exist, and the comprehensive intervention still needs to be strengthened.