词汇在英语教学中发挥着重要作用,而在实际教学中由于缺乏系统的理论指导,教学效果一直不太理想。在原型范畴理论指导下对英语词汇教学进行深入探讨,认为可以从三个方面入手来有效提高词汇教与学的效果,即理解多义词词义延伸发展的内在理据,注重派生词的讲解以及加强基本层次词汇的教学。 Vocabulary plays an important role in English teaching. However, in the actual teaching, due to the lack of systematic theoretical guidance, the teaching effect has been less than ideal. Under the guidance of the theory of archetypal categories, this paper explores the English vocabulary teaching in depth, and believes that it can effectively improve the effect of vocabulary teaching and learning from the following three aspects: to understand the inherent rationale for the extension of the meaning of polysemous words, to pay attention to the explanation of derivative words and to strengthen the basic level Vocabulary teaching.