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目的了解唐山市免疫规划疫苗的接种状况。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,在18个(区)县中,每个(区)县随机抽取2个镇,每个镇随机抽取1个村,每村调查2002-2010年出生儿童30名。结果共调查977名儿童,免疫建卡、建证率均为100%,卡证相符率为90.9%,5种疫苗(卡介苗、乙型肝炎疫苗、口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗、百白破联合疫苗、麻疹类疫苗)全程合格接种率分别为99.39%、99.89%、98.54%、99.27%和95.26%。及时接种率分别为:84.34%、92.63%、95.00%、98.11%和90.06%。A群流脑疫苗、A+C群流脑疫苗、乙脑疫苗的接种率分别为:83.48%、57.23%和91.95%。结论唐山市常住儿童5种疫苗的接种率达到了较高水平,卡介苗及时接种率偏低,接种卡、接种证相符率偏低,需进一步提高对接种证的重视,同时规范接种工作。
Objective To understand the immunization schedule of immunization vaccine in Tangshan City. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to randomly select 2 towns in each of 18 districts and counties, each village randomly selected one village and each village investigated 30 children born in 2002-2010. Results A total of 977 children were enrolled in the study. The rates of establishing card were 100% and card matching rate was 90.9%. Five vaccines (BCG vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine, live attenuated oral polio vaccine, Combined vaccine, measles vaccine) throughout the eligible vaccination rates were 99.39%, 99.89%, 98.54%, 99.27% and 95.26%. The timely vaccination rates were 84.34%, 92.63%, 95.00%, 98.11% and 90.06% respectively. Group A meningitis vaccine, A + C group meningitis vaccine, Japanese encephalitis vaccination rates were: 83.48%, 57.23% and 91.95%. Conclusion The vaccination rate of five kinds of vaccines for resident children in Tangshan City has reached a high level, the timely vaccination rate of BCG is low, and the coincidence rate of vaccination card and vaccination certificate is low, and the vaccination certificate needs to be further improved. At the same time, vaccination work should be standardized.