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高尔基说:文学是人学。其实,戏剧也是人学。但戏剧与文学毕竟有所不同,就是说,还有个观众问题。如今人们常说,“没有观众就没有戏剧。”这说到了要害。苏联的著名导演梅耶荷德曾说:“一旦观众对舞台上发生的事件有了反映,剧院就开始存在。”英国的著名导演彼得·布鲁克则说:“戏剧确实是演员和观众的共同构成物。”他们都承认,戏剧演员的演出是在观众的配合下完成的。我以为,戏剧要研究人学,也要研究观众学。简单的公式是不是可以这样写:戏剧=人学+观众学。
Gorky said: literature is humanity. In fact, drama is also human learning. But drama and literature, after all, are different, that is, there is a spectator issue. Nowadays people often say, “There is no drama without an audience.” Here comes the point. Well-known director Meyer Hedde said: “Once the audience reflects the events on stage, the theater begins to exist.” Peter Brooke, the famous director in the United Kingdom, said: “The drama is indeed a common feature of actors and spectators ”They all admitted that the theatrical performers performed with the cooperation of the audience. I think drama needs to study human studies as well as audience studies. Is not it easy to write a simple formula: Drama = Humanism + Audience.