论文部分内容阅读
本文探讨了岩石与矿物的地球化学组成与人群疾病的地理性分布之间的联系。研究周围环境的化学成分组成(基岩、土壤、水以及植物)可能会导致人体内某种元素的富集或缺失,从而对人体健康产生威胁。同时,人类活动如采矿与矿石处理、工业废弃物处置、农业活动等也可能会打破环境中的地球化学平衡,因此环境中化学元素的富集或缺乏会受到自然和人为因素的影响。直接或间接地摄入过量的有毒微量元素,如砷、镉、汞、铅和氟会危害人体健康。其中,镉对人类健康的长远影响最为严重。环境砷与汞暴露是人类癌症的主要致病因素之一。尼日利亚碘缺乏疾病的相关信息表明,受影响地区的甲状腺肿患病率在15%～59%之间。相关病例报道显示,摄入含氟化物超过1.5μg/L的水会导致氟斑牙。儿童中龋齿的患病率约为39.9%。尼日利亚中部的Younger Granite省,孕妇癌症与流产与自然环境中的辐射有关。以上一些例子以及文献中的许多其他事例使人们认识到加强合作和研究以更好地了解环境因素与人群疾病地理性分布之间关系的重要性。这些知识将会有助于控制和管理相关疾病的发生。
This paper explores the link between the geochemical composition of rocks and minerals and the geographic distribution of disease in populations. Studying the chemical composition of the surrounding environment (bedrock, soil, water, and plants) can cause the enrichment or loss of certain elements of the human body, posing a threat to human health. At the same time, human activities such as mining and ore processing, industrial waste disposal and agricultural activities may also break the geochemical balance in the environment. Therefore, the enrichment or lack of chemical elements in the environment will be affected by natural and man-made factors. Ingestion of excessive amounts of toxic trace elements, such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead and fluorine, directly or indirectly, can endanger human health. Among them, cadmium has the most serious long-term impact on human health. Environment Arsenic and mercury exposure are one of the major causative agents of human cancer. Information on iodine deficiency disorders in Nigeria shows that the prevalence of goiter in the affected areas is between 15% and 59%. Relevant case reports show that fluoride intake of more than 1.5μg / L of water can cause dental fluorosis. The prevalence of dental caries in children is about 39.9%. Younger Granite province in central Nigeria, pregnant women with cancer and abortion and the natural environment of the radiation. The above examples and many others in the literature have led to the recognition of the importance of strengthening cooperation and research to better understand the relationship between environmental factors and the geographical distribution of disease in populations. This knowledge will help to control and manage the occurrence of the disease.