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依托全球唯一的稻田开放式空气中臭氧浓度增高系统平台,以汕优63和两优培九为供试材料,设置大气背景臭氧浓度和高臭氧浓度(比大气背景臭氧浓度高50%)两个浓度水平,研究FACE条件下高O3浓度对杂交稻颖花形成的影响.结果表明:高O3浓度使汕优63和两优培九每穗颖花数分别减少28朵和34朵,下降幅度分别为15%和13%.从稻穗构成看,高O3浓度胁迫下杂交稻每穗颖花数减少主要与每穗2次枝梗颖花数明显减少有关,对每穗1次枝梗颖花数的影响较小,因此高O3浓度胁迫下水稻每穗1次枝梗颖花数占全穗的比率增加,每穗2次枝梗颖花数占全穗的比率降低.从颖花形成看,高O3浓度胁迫下杂交稻每穗颖花数下降主要是颖花(特别是2次颖花)的分化受到抑制所致,而颖花的退化数不增反降.上述结果表明,采取相应措施削弱高O3浓度胁迫对颖花分化的抑制作用可能是近地层高O3浓度条件下减少杂交稻产量损失的关键.
Relying on the world’s only system for increasing the ozone concentration in open air of paddy fields, two concentration levels of atmospheric background ozone concentration and high ozone concentration (50% higher than atmospheric background ozone concentration) were set in Shanyou 63 and Liangyoupeijiu as test materials. The effect of high O3 concentration on the spikelet formation of hybrid rice under FACE conditions was studied.The results showed that the spikelets numbers per spike of Shanyou 63 and Liangyoupeijiu decreased by 28 and 34 respectively, with the decreasing rates of 15% and 13% From the composition of rice panicle, the reduction of spikelet number per panicle of hybrid rice under high O3 concentration was mainly related to the significant decrease of spikelet number of the second branchlet per panicle, but had less influence on the number of spikelets per panicle, Therefore, under high O3 concentration, the ratio of spikelets per spike per panicle to whole panicles increased, and the ratio of spikelet per spike per panicle to spikelet decreased.2 The formation of spikelets showed that under high O3 concentration stress The decrease of spikelet number per panicle in hybrid rice was mainly due to the inhibition of the differentiation of spikelets (especially the second spikelet), while the decline of spikelet did not increase or decrease.The above results show that the corresponding measures are taken to weaken the stress of high O3 concentration The inhibitory effect on spike differentiation may be due to the high O3 concentration in the near-surface layer Less yield loss of key hybrid rice.