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河溪沟井一九七六年前所采煤层是1号,4号主焦煤,含硫量低于1％,未发现矸石自燃现象。而一九七六年改采9号,10号焦、瘦煤层,含硫量一般在5％左右,个别达7％以上,煤和矸石中可见硫化铁块甚多,矸石山开始自燃,而且日趋严重。这是因为:矸石山自燃所放出的气体,都是酸性氧化物(主要是SO_2);而酸性氧化物遇水易化合成酸(H_2SO_3和H_2SO_4),硫酸有强烈的吸水作用,发生水化放出大量的热,使矸石山温度升高。而矸石中的碳遇到硫酸又要发生氧化还原反应,生成SO_2,造成恶性循环。正因为这种原因,用水浇灌不仅不能灭火,而且越浇越历害,起到了加速氧化的作用。一场雨后,矸石山烟雾更浓更大,早晨由于湿度大,烟雾就比下午大,就是这个原因。
The seam coal seam No. 1 and No. 4 coke seized by Hexiou well before 1976 contained less than 1% of sulfur content and no spontaneous combustion of gangue was found. In 1976, the No. 9 and No. 10 coke and lean seam were changed into small coal seams. The sulfur content is generally about 5% and the individual percentage is over 7%. Many iron sulfide are visible in the coal and gangue, and the gangue hill starts to spontaneous combustion. Increasingly serious. This is because: the spontaneous combustion Gangue Hill release of gas, are acidic oxide (mainly SO 2); and acidic oxides with water to synthesize acid (H_2SO_3 and H_2SO_4), sulfuric acid has a strong water absorption, hydration release A lot of heat, so that the temperature of waste rock hill. The carbon in the waste rock meets with the oxidation reaction of sulfuric acid and generates SO_2, resulting in a vicious cycle. It is precisely for this reason that watering can not only eliminate the fire, but also pour more calendar harm, played a role in accelerating oxidation. After a rain, the gangue smoke thicker and larger, due to humidity in the morning, smoke is larger than in the afternoon, is the reason.