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泥沙颗粒运动速度与水流运动速度是不一致的,进而会对水流输沙和河床演变产生影响。通过采用粒子追踪测速方法(Particle Tracking Velocimetry-PTV)和粒子图像测速技术(Particle Image Velocimetry-PIV)测量了水槽中2种粒径的泥沙颗粒运动速度及相应的水流运动速度。实验结果表明,泥沙颗粒运动速度沿垂线分布与水流速度不一致,在对数区,泥沙颗粒的运动速度略小于水流的速度,泥沙运动滞后于水流运动;在近壁区,泥沙颗粒的运动速度大于水流速度,且在本实验的粒径范围内,随着泥沙颗粒粒径增大,泥沙颗粒的运动速度也随之增大。
The velocity of sediment particles is not consistent with the velocity of water flow, which in turn affects the sediment transport and river bed evolution. Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) were used to measure the velocity of sediment particles and the corresponding velocity of water flow in two kinds of particle sizes in the water tank. The experimental results show that the velocity distribution of sediment particles along the vertical line is not consistent with the flow velocity. In the logarithmic zone, the velocity of sediment particles is slightly less than the velocity of the water flow, and the sediment movement lags behind the water flow. In the near wall area, Particle moving velocity is greater than water flow velocity, and within the particle size range of this experiment, with the increase of sediment particle size, the movement speed of sediment particles also increases.