目的 :探讨促进移植脊髓神经元存活生长的因素 ,观察比较NGF和aFGF对体外培养的胚鼠脊髓神经元生长发育的作用。方法 :利用神经细胞培养的方法 ,在相差显微镜下观察细胞生长发育情况。实验数据用 x±s表示 ,2× 2析因方差分析及SNK检验。结果 :NGF能增加培养早期脊髓神经元的数量 ;aFGF加强神经元突起的发出和生长 ;两者对神经元胞体的早期发育均有促进作用。NGF和aFGF联合应用时神经元存活、分化及生长发育等明显优于单独使用NGF或aFGF。结论 :NGF和aFGF对培养早期胚鼠脊髓神经元的作用具有选择性和协同性 ,两种神经营养因子联合应用更加有益。 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors that promote the survival and growth of spinal cord neurons and to compare the effects of NGF and aFGF on the growth and development of spinal cord neurons cultured in vitro. Methods: Using the method of nerve cell culture, observe the cell growth and development under phase contrast microscope. Experimental data with x ± s said, 2 × 2 factorial analysis of variance and SNK test. Results: NGF increased the number of neurons in early culture; aFGF enhanced neurite outgrowth and growth; both of them promoted the early development of neuronal soma. NGF and aFGF combined neurons survival, differentiation and growth and development significantly better than the single use of NGF or aFGF. CONCLUSION: NGF and aFGF are selective and synergistic to the culture of spinal cord neurons in early embryo. The combination of two neurotrophic factors is more beneficial.