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亚里士多德的“质料形式理论(Hylomorphism)”是他的形而上学的重要部分,但它的确切含义似乎是一个令人困惑的问题。当前流行的“构成性”解释模型把形式与质料看作构成复合实体的不同成分,并认为它们的关系类似于属性与物质对象的关系。然而,这种解释遇到了许多理论上的困难。本文指出,“构成性”模型是对“质料形式理论”的误解,因为形式与质料不是构成实体的两种成分,而是生成实体的两种本原;形式是首要的和终极的本原,它以目的的方式规定着质料之本质;复合实体作为被生成物具有一个存在的原因结构,即形式展现在被实现了的质料之中,质料亦处于形式这一目的之中。“质料形式理论”便是关于可感实体生成的本原和存在的原因结构的理论。
Aristotle’s “Hylomorphism” is an important part of his metaphysics, but its exact meaning seems to be a puzzling question. The current “constitutive” interpretation model considers forms and materials as different components of a composite entity and considers their relationship to be similar to the relationship between attributes and material objects. However, this explanation encountered many theoretical difficulties. This paper points out that “constitutive ” model is a misunderstanding of “material form theory ”, because form and material are not the two components of the entity, but the two primitives of the entity; the form is the primary and the ultimate Which stipulates the essence of the material in a purposive way. The composite entity as the resultant has an existing cause structure, that is, the form is displayed in the material being realized, and the material is also in the form of the object. “Theory of material form ” is the theory of the origin and existence of the structure of the reasoning of the sensible entity.