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凸轮作为装配式凸轮轴上的关键零部件之一,其制造技术很大程度上影响着凸轮轴及发动机的发展。采用验证实验的方法确认有限元法模拟粉末热锻凸轮的压制及热锻成形过程的合理性,在此基础上利用数值模拟法对凸轮的压制方式进行改进、优化热锻工艺参数。针对粉末压制成形工艺,对不同压制方式下(单向压制、双向压制、浮动压制、摩擦压制)的压坯密度进行模拟分析。而针对热锻工艺则研究分析锻压速度、摩擦因数、坯料加热温度、模具预热温度、坯料初始相对密度5组因素对锻件密度分布的影响,从而获得最佳的工艺方案。
As one of the key components of the assembled camshaft, the manufacturing technology of cams affects the development of camshafts and engines to a great extent. The verification experiment was used to confirm the feasibility of finite element method to simulate the pressing and hot forging process of the powder hot forging cam. Based on this, the pressing mode of the cam was improved by numerical simulation to optimize the hot forging process parameters. According to the powder compacting process, the compact density of different pressing methods (unidirectional pressing, bidirectional pressing, floating pressing and frictional pressing) was simulated and analyzed. According to the hot forging process, the effects of forging speed, friction coefficient, billet heating temperature, mold preheating temperature and initial relative density of billet on the density distribution of forging are studied to obtain the best process scheme.