肾脏移位并固定于正常位置以外，称为异位肾。其分为先天性和后天性（如游走肾）两种。先天性异位肾很少见，常合并生殖系统畸形，易发生积水、感染、结石等并发症。因其多无特殊临床表现，易误诊误治，故应引起临床重视。现结合文献对其浅述如下。1分类及发病情况先天性异位肾 Kidney shift and fixed in the normal position, known as ectopic kidney. It is divided into congenital and acquired (such as walking kidney) two. Congenital ectopic kidney is rare, often associated with genital malformations, prone to water, infection, stones and other complications. Because of its more no special clinical manifestations, easy misdiagnosis and mistreatment, it should cause clinical attention. Now combined with the literature as follows. 1 classification and incidence of congenital ectopic kidney