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目的了解张掖市城区青少年健康危险相关行为现状和流行趋势,为制定相关政策和采取干预措施提供科学依据。方法对张掖市城区初中、高中(含职中)、大学共4000名学生进行健康相关行为问卷调查,收回有效问卷3897份。结果骑车违规以骑车带人发生率最高(45.61%),步行违规、到不安全地方游泳的发生率为41.93%和7.60%。其他健康危险行为以被恶意取笑、离家出走、学习压力重、被开色情玩笑或做色情动作、打架、抑郁的发生率最高。尝试吸烟、饮酒的发生率分别为29.72%和62.87%,发生率大学最高,初中最低;网络成瘾、类似赌博娱乐活动发生率为14.81%和12.60%;有过性行为、被迫与他人有过性行为的发生率为4.68%和2.06%,多数伤害行为发生率男生高于女生(P值均<0.05)。吃甜点、偏食发生率分别为82.65%和35.57%,女生高于男生。结论张掖市城区青少年健康危险行为发生率较高,应采取综合干预措施进行针对性的预防。
Objective To understand the status quo and trends of health risk related behaviors among adolescents in urban areas of Zhangye City and to provide scientific basis for formulating relevant policies and taking intervention measures. Methods A total of 4,000 students from junior middle school, high school (including middle vocational school) and university in Zhangye city were surveyed on health related behaviors, and 3897 valid questionnaires were returned. Results The highest incidence of cycling (45.61%) was found in cycling violations. Walking irregularities caused 41.93% and 7.60% of swimming to unsafe places. Other health-risk behaviors include malice-teasing, running away from home, heavy study stress, being sexually-ridden or engaging in pornography, and the highest rate of fighting and depression. The incidence of smoking and drinking was 29.72% and 62.87% respectively. The incidence rate was the highest among universities and the lowest among junior high schools. The incidence of Internet addiction and similar gambling activities was 14.81% and 12.60% The incidence of sexual behavior was 4.68% and 2.06%, and the incidence of most injuries was higher in boys than girls (all P <0.05). Eat dessert, partial eclipse incidence was 82.65% and 35.57%, girls than boys. Conclusion Adolescents in Zhangye City have a higher prevalence of health risk behaviors and should take comprehensive interventions for targeted prevention.