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为探明羽裂蟹甲草Cacalia tangutica的杀虫活性及其活性成分,通过拌糖饲喂法和浸渍法测定了羽裂蟹甲草甲醇提取物对家蝇Musca domestica成虫和白纹伊蚊Aedes albopictus 4龄幼虫的毒杀活性,并采用色谱分离技术和现代波谱技术对羽裂蟹甲草中的化学成分进行了分离鉴定。结果表明: 该植物不同部位甲醇提取物对家蝇成虫和白纹伊蚊4龄幼虫均具有较高的生物活性。从该植物叶和花甲醇提取物中分离鉴定了豆甾醇、无羁萜、7-羟基-8-甲氧基香豆素、7-羟基香豆素、7,8-二羟基香豆素、瑞香素-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素、山奈酚和β-胡萝卜苷9个化合物。无羁萜、槲皮素和山奈酚为首次从该植物中分离得到,500μg/g拌糖处理48h后,其对家蝇成虫的校正死亡率分别为 88.30%,69.90%和77.04%; 50μg/mL药液处理72h后,其对白纹伊蚊4龄幼虫的校正死亡率分别为88.49%,72.22%和71.06%;均与鱼藤酮差异不显著(P<0.05) ,表现出良好的杀虫活性。本研究说明羽裂蟹甲草对家蝇和白纹伊蚊具有明显的毒杀活性,是一种潜在的卫生害虫控制剂。
In order to explore the insecticidal activity and active components of Cacalia tangutica, the effects of methanol extract of Musa domestica Musca domestica and Aedes albopictus 4 Larvae of the poisoning activity, and the use of chromatographic separation techniques and modern spectroscopy of the chemical constituents of Crabgrass were isolated and identified. The results showed that the methanol extracts of different parts of the plant had higher biological activity to the 4th instar larvae of both Musca domestica and Aedes albopictus. Isolation and identification of stigmasterol, guar gum, 7-hydroxy-8-methoxycoumarin, 7-hydroxycoumarin, 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin, 9 compounds of daphnetin-8-O-β-D-glucoside, quercetin, kaempferol and β-daucosterol. The unadjusted terpenes, quercetin and kaempferol were isolated from this plant for the first time. The corrected mortalities of housefly adults were 88.30%, 69.90% and 77.04% after 500μg / The corrected mortality of 4th instar larvae of Aedes albopictus after 72 h treatment was 88.49%, 72.22% and 71.06%, respectively. No significant difference was found between rotenone and rotenone (P <0.05), showing good insecticidal activity. This study shows that Crab grass has significant toxic activity against house flies and Aedes albopictus and is a potential health pest control agent.