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苏联国土跨欧、亚二洲,面积2,240万平方公里,已有铁路营业里程总长141,800公里(1981年1月1日)。整个布局是:西部欧洲境内密集成网、中部西伯利亚有狭长网形、中亚及哈萨克搭起网架、远东干线绵长单薄、辽阔的北方大片空白。这样的铁路布局是经过了一个半世纪的筑路、建网、充实和扩展而形成的。俄国在十九世纪四十年代,有零散的铁路共计不到1,000公里。1844—1851年彼得堡至
The territory of the Soviet Union crosses Europe and Asia in two continents, covering an area of 22.4 million square kilometers. The total mileage of existing railway lines is 141,800 kilometers (January 1, 1981). The entire layout is: Western European dense network, the central region of Siberia has a long network of Central Asia and Kazakhstan set up grids, the Far East, the lingering thin, vast Northern blank. This railway layout is formed after a century and a half of road construction, construction, enrichment and expansion. Russia In the 1840s, there were scattered railways totaling less than 1,000 kilometers. 1844 - 1851 Petersburg to