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目的调查中山地区儿童血铅水平,为儿童铅中毒的防治提供科学依据。方法将进行常规健康体检的6 933名儿童(男童3 743例,女童3 190例)纳入本次研究,并按年龄分为0~<1岁、1~<3岁、3~<7岁、7~14岁组,采用微分电位溶出法对血铅水平进行检测。结果 6 933名儿童高铅血症和铅中毒共84例,总检出率为1.21%,其中男童、女童检出率分别为1.23%和1.19%。0~<1岁、1~<3岁、3~<7岁组儿童血铅水平随着年龄的增长呈明显增高趋势(P<0.05),7~14岁组血铅水平与3~<7岁组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。0~<1岁组男、女童血铅水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其他3个年龄组男童均高于女童(P<0.05)。结论中山地区儿童血铅水平与髙铅血症和铅中毒率较低,但考虑铅暴露对儿童健康的潜在危害,应加强宣传教育,防范儿童特别是学龄前儿童对含铅物品的接触和摄入。
Objective To investigate the level of blood lead in children in Zhongshan area and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of lead poisoning in children. Methods A total of 6 933 children (3 743 boys and 3 190 girls) who did routine physical examination were enrolled in this study and were divided into 0 ~ <1 year old, 1 ~ <3 years old, 3 ~ <7 years old , 7 to 14-year-old group, the differential potential leaching method for the detection of blood lead levels. Results A total of 843 children with hyperlipidemia and lead poisoning were detected in 6 933 children with the total detection rate of 1.21%. The detection rates of boys and girls were 1.23% and 1.19% respectively. Blood lead levels in 0 ~ <1 year old, 1 ~ <3 years old, 3 ~ <7 years old children increased significantly with age (P <0.05) There was no significant difference in the age group (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in blood lead levels between 0 ~ <1 year old boys and girls (P> 0.05), while boys in other three age groups were all higher than girls (P <0.05). Conclusion The level of blood lead, lead poisoning and lead poisoning are lower in children in Zhongshan area. However, considering the potential hazard of lead exposure to children’s health, publicity and education should be strengthened to prevent exposure of children, especially preschool children, to lead-containing substances Into.