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目的探讨溴苯腈经口急性中毒小鼠毒性、病理组织学结构及兔生化指标的动态变化。方法观察灌胃不同浓度溴苯腈后小鼠行为变化并测定小鼠急性半数致死量(LD_(50))；灌胃溴苯腈后取小鼠肺脏、肝脏、心肌、骨骼肌,观察其光镜及电镜超微结构改变；测定兔灌胃溴苯腈前后不同时间点血胆碱酯酶(CHE)、肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氧酶(LDH)及肝功能[丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)]的变化。结果溴苯腈中毒小鼠LD_(50)为245．6 mg/kg；光镜下可见肺充血、水肿,肝脏充血,骨骼肌萎缩与断裂并存,电镜下可见骨骼肌肌丝溶解,结构模糊不清。兔经灌胃溴苯腈后血清CK活力逐渐增高,12 h后达高峰,差异有统计学意义(JP＜0．01),36 h后血清CK活力恢复正常,中毒前后肝功能、全血胆碱酯酶(TCHE)、血浆胆碱酯酶(PCHE)、血清LDH活力的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0．05)。结论溴苯腈属中等毒性除草剂,急性中毒可对肺脏、肝脏、骨骼肌等造成损伤。但肝功能无明显改变。溴苯腈急性中毒引起骨骼肌溶解、断裂并导致血清CK增高。
Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of toxicity, histopathology and biochemical indexes of bromoxynil acute oral mice. Methods The behavioral changes of mice treated with different concentrations of bromoxynil were observed and the acute lethal dose (LD 50) of mice was determined. The lungs, liver, myocardium and skeletal muscle of mice were treated with bromoxynil and the light The ultrastructure changes of the lens and the electron microscope were observed. The changes of the blood choline esterase (CHE), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and liver function [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TBIL) and direct bilirubin (DBIL) Results LD50 of bromoxynil poisoning mice was 245.6 mg / kg. Pulmonary congestion, edema, hepatic hyperemia and skeletal muscle atrophy and rupture were observed under light microscope. Myofilament dissolved in skeletal muscle under electron microscope showed fuzzy structure. clear. The serum CK activity increased gradually after rabbits were infused with bromoxynil and peaked at 12 h (P <0.01). The serum CK activity returned to normal after 36 h, and the liver function, There was no significant difference in the activities of alkaline esterase (TCHE), plasma cholinesterase (PCHE) and serum LDH (P> 0.05). Conclusion Bromoxynil is a moderately toxic herbicide and acute poisoning may cause damage to the lung, liver, skeletal muscle and so on. But no significant change in liver function. Acute bromoxynil poisoning causes skeletal muscle to dissolve, break and lead to elevated serum CK.