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目的通过体外厌氧培养联合定量PCR的方法比较两种不同的苦瓜制品,苦瓜全粉(Bitter melon power,BMP)和苦瓜乙醇提取物(Bitter melon ethanol extract,BME),对健康人和2型糖尿患者肠道菌群结构的调节作用。方法采集一名健康个体和一名2型糖尿病个体的新鲜粪便样品,在体外厌氧的条件下与不同浓度的BMP或BME共培养,收集0、12、24、48 h的菌体沉淀。采用定量PCR的方法,检测乳杆菌属细菌、双歧杆菌属细菌、丁酸盐产生菌、硫酸盐还原菌和肠杆菌科细菌这5类细菌在总菌中相对含量的变化。结果培养过程中,双歧杆菌属细菌、硫酸盐还原菌和肠杆菌科细菌在两名个体培养样本中表现出类似的生长趋势,而乳杆菌属细菌和丁酸盐产生菌则有差异。相同培养时间下,与对照组相比,BMP和BME在两名个体的培养样本中均能富集乳杆菌属细菌、双歧杆菌属细菌和丁酸盐产生菌,并抑制肠杆菌科细菌,但是只有BMP 15 mg/mL能持续抑制硫酸盐还原菌。相同浓度之下,BMP对菌群结构的调节效果比BME显著。结论来自不同个体的相同肠道细菌类群可能呈现不同的体外生长趋势,但BMP和BME均能对同一细菌类群起到类似的调节作用;且相较于BME,BMP通过富集一些有益细菌并抑制机会致病细菌从而改善肠道菌群结构的效果更显著。
Objective To compare the effects of two different bitter melon products, bitter melon power (BMP) and bitter melon ethanol extract (BME) on the anaerobic culture combined with quantitative PCR in vitro. Regulation of intestinal flora in patients. Methods Fresh stool samples from a healthy individual and a type 2 diabetic individual were collected and co-cultured with different concentrations of BMP or BME under anaerobic conditions to collect the bacterial pellet at 0, 12, 24 and 48 h. Quantitative PCR method was used to detect the relative content of five kinds of bacteria, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, butyrate-producing bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae in the total bacteria. Results During culture, Bifidobacterium, Sulfate-reducing bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae showed similar growth trends in two individual cultured samples, but Lactobacillus and butyrate-producing bacteria differed. Under the same incubation time, compared with the control group, BMP and BME were able to enrich Lactobacillus bacteria, Bifidobacterium bacteria and butyrate-producing bacteria in both cultured samples and inhibit Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, However, only BMP 15 mg / mL consistently inhibited sulfate-reducing bacteria. Under the same concentration, the effect of BMP on the structure of bacteria was more pronounced than that of BME. CONCLUSION: The same intestinal bacteria groups from different individuals may show different in vitro growth trends, but both BMP and BME can play a similar regulatory role on the same bacterial group. Compared with BME, BMPs are enriched in some beneficial bacteria and inhibited Opportunistic pathogenic bacteria to improve the structure of the intestinal flora more pronounced.