karst亦译喀斯特。岩溶指可溶性岩石,特别是碳酸盐类岩石(如石灰岩、石膏等),受含有二氧化碳的流水溶蚀,有时并加以沉积作用而形成的地貌。往往呈奇特形状,有洞穴、石芽、石沟、石林、溶洞、地下河也有峭壁。此种地貌地区,往往奇峰林立。通常指岩石裸露、草木不生、具有洞穴、落水洞、地下河而缺乏地表河流和湖泊的地区。是地下水对可溶性块状石灰岩溶蚀的结果。例如,作为厂房地基有埋藏深溶蚀槽和软弱土层以及土层塌陷问题;作为重型结构物基础就存在岩石因溶洞化而承载力不足的问题。 Karst also translated karst. Karst refers to soluble rocks, especially carbonate rocks (such as limestone, gypsum, etc.), which are eroded by carbon dioxide-laden water and sometimes formed by sedimentation. It is often in a strange shape, with caves, stone buds, stone ditch, stone forest, caves, underground rivers and cliffs. This kind of landform area often has many peaks. Usually refers to areas where rocks are exposed, vegetation is not grown, there are caves, sinkholes, underground rivers, and there are lack of surface rivers and lakes. It is the result of groundwater dissolution on soluble massive limestone. For example, as the foundation of the factory building, there are buried deep erosion pits and soft soil layers, and the problem of soil collapse; as a basis for heavy structures, there is a problem that the bearing capacity of rocks is insufficient due to cavernability.