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本研究选择黄土高原地区陕西省新集村为研究对象。在219hm2耕地上用网格法采集364个表层(0~20 cm)土壤,研究了该村土壤pH,有机质和速效养分(N,P,K,Ca,Mg,S)空间变异性。结果表明:该村98.9%耕地缺N,缺K,缺P比例占11.5%和4.4%。地统计学分析结果表明:土壤有机质、有效N、P、K、Mg、Ca、S具有中等的空间相关性,空间变异程度依次为:OM>P>Ca>K>Mg>N>S,土壤pH的空间相关性很弱。有机质、有效N、S最大相关距离大,达到1853m,pH值最小,为148m,K、Ca、P、Mg最大相关距离分别为717m、720m、1032m和1344m。施肥是导致该村土壤养分空间变异性的主要原因。基于土壤养分状况和空间分布特征,目前仅需要考虑对该村土壤K,P进行分区管理。
In this study, we selected Xinji Village in Shaanxi Province in the Loess Plateau as the research object. The spatial variability of soil pH, organic matter and available nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S) in the village was studied on a field of 219hm2 using grid method with 364 topsoils (0 ~ 20 cm) The results showed that 98.9% of the cultivated land in this village lacked N and lacked K, accounting for 11.5% and 4.4% of the total. Geostatistics analysis showed that the soil organic matter, available N, P, K, Mg, Ca and S had a moderate spatial correlation, and the order of spatial variability was OM> P> Ca> K> Mg> N> The spatial correlation of pH is weak. The maximum correlation distance of organic matter and available N and S was 1853 m, the minimum pH value was 148 m, and the maximum relative distances of K, Ca, P and Mg were 717 m, 720 m, 1032 m and 1344 m, respectively. Fertilization is the main reason for the spatial variability of soil nutrients in this village. Based on the status of soil nutrients and spatial distribution characteristics, at present only need to consider the village soil K, P zoning management.