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【目的】根据草地的生产力状况及生态服务功能,对玛纳斯河流域草地进行生态功能区划,为区域草地资源的优化利用提供依据。【方法】以玛纳斯河流域为例,利用遥感影像解译数据以及植被调查监测数据,借鉴前人构建的草地生产力指数、草地生态服务功能价值指数和草地生态功能分区模型,对玛纳斯河流域的草地进行生态功能区的划分。【结果】(1)草地生产力指数水平最低的为温性荒漠类(沙质荒漠)、温性草原化荒漠类和温性草甸草原类,最高的为山地草甸类和高寒草甸类和温性荒漠。(2)生态系统服务功能最重要的主要是高寒草甸类和山地草甸类。(3)玛纳斯河流域草地从空间上可划分为3种功能区,生态保护功能区主要包括温性草甸草原类、山地草甸类和温性荒漠类(沙质荒漠);经济功能区面积最大,包括温性荒漠草原类、高寒草甸类、温性荒漠类和温性草原化荒漠类;混合经营管理功能区主要是温性草原类。【结论】不同的草地类型其生产力状况以及生态服务功能的价值有所差异,综合考虑生态系统服务功能与经济发展,对草地进行合理的利用。
【Objective】 According to the productivity of grassland and its ecological service function, grassland ecological function in the Manas River Basin is divided into three regions, which provides the basis for the optimal utilization of grassland resources in the region. 【Method】 Taking the Manas River Basin as an example, using the interpretation data of the remote sensing images and the data of vegetation survey and monitoring, referring to the grassland productivity index, the value index of grassland ecosystem services and the ecological function zoning model of grassland, The grassland in the river basin is divided into ecological functional areas. 【Result】 (1) The lowest grassland productivity index was the temperate desert (sandy desert), temperate grassland desertification and temperate meadow grassland, the highest was the mountain meadow and alpine meadow Warm desert. (2) The most important functions of ecosystem services are mainly alpine meadow and mountain meadow. (3) Grassland in Manas River Basin can be divided into three functional areas spatially. The ecological protection functional areas mainly include temperate meadow steppe, mountain meadow and temperate desert (sandy desert); economic function The area is the largest, including temperate desert steppe, alpine meadow, temperate desert and temperate steppe desert. The mixed operation management area is mainly temperate grassland. 【Conclusion】 The productivity of different grassland types and the value of ecological service function are different. Considering ecosystem service function and economic development, grassland utilization is reasonable.