外源基因向角膜的转移是角膜基因表达和基因治疗的基础。基因枪、电脉冲和微量注射都可用于角膜基因转移。脂质体的脂组成、日本凝血病毒衣壳蛋白包裹、与腺病毒的结合物及ＤＮＡ核靶向序列影响其基因转移的效果。另外，腺病毒、逆转录病毒、单纯疱疹病毒和ｌｅｎｔｉ病毒可做为基因转移的载体。基因治疗在角膜遗传病、病毒感染、雾状混浊和角膜移植排斥中发挥作用。 The transfer of foreign genes to the cornea is the basis of corneal gene expression and gene therapy. Gene gun, electric pulse and microinjection can be used for corneal gene transfer. The lipid composition of the liposomes, the Japanese coagulation virus capsid protein package, the combination with the adenovirus, and the DNA-targeting sequences affect the effect of the gene transfer. In addition, adenovirus, retrovirus, herpes simplex virus and lenti virus can be used as vectors for gene transfer. Gene therapy plays a role in corneal disease, viral infections, fog opacity and corneal graft rejection.