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比较中国、美国、英国和巴西4个国家免疫程序之间的异同点。各国均对乙肝、麻腮风、脊髓灰质炎和流脑等广泛流行且疾病负担较重的疫苗可预防疾病制定了相应的免疫接种程序,但由于各国传染病流行情况及卫生资源的差异,在疫苗种类、接种对象、剂型的选择上均存在差异。只有充分研究各国的疾病流行情况、免疫接种策略,才能针对不同类型的出境人员制定更加精细化、个性化的预防接种方案,从而保障旅行者健康。
Compare the similarities and differences between immunization programs in China, the United States, Britain and Brazil. In all countries, immunization programs have been developed for vaccine-preventable diseases such as hepatitis B, marijuana, poliomyelitis and meningitis. Due to the prevalence of infectious diseases in different countries and differences in health resources, Vaccine species, vaccination objects, the choice of dosage forms are different. Only by thoroughly studying the national epidemic situation and immunization strategies in different countries can we formulate a more elaborate and personalized vaccination program for different types of expatriates so as to ensure the health of travelers.