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中捷石化0.8Mt/a重油催化裂化装置原料以海洋重质环烷基渣油为主。加工重油时,生焦量约为进料量的9%以上,受油气环境温度、油气停留时间、油气流动状态等因素的影响,有时会有小部分结焦滞留在沉降器内壁、旋风分离器升气管外壁或料腿,焦块逐渐累积,最终形成大焦块落到汽提段底部,使催化剂终止流化,给装置正常运行带来危害。归纳了焦块的外观形态、产生方式,认为结焦不仅与原料性质、沉降器油气停留时间、雾化蒸汽品质等因素有关,还与装置开停工过程及日常操作密切相关。在大量操作数据及几次开停工经验基础上,进行防结焦技术整改,包括稳定操作、缩短油气在沉降器的停留时间、增加防焦蒸汽量,以及采用干气、蒸汽混合汽提技术等,取得较好效果。下一步将重点研究国内外先进的旋分快分、原料喷嘴等技术的应用情况。
Sino-Czech Petroleum 0.8Mt / a heavy oil catalytic cracking unit raw materials to marine naphthenic residual oil-based. When processing heavy oil, the raw coke is about 9% of the feed amount. Depending on factors such as the ambient temperature of the oil and gas, the residence time of the oil and gas, and the flow of oil and gas, sometimes a small amount of coking will remain on the inner wall of the settler and the cyclone rise Trachea wall or material leg, the coke block gradually accumulated, eventually forming a large coke fell to the stripping section at the bottom of the catalyst to stop fluidization, the normal operation of the device to bring harm. Summarized the shape appearance of the coke block, the way of production, that coking is not only related to the nature of raw materials, settler vapor retention time, quality of atomized steam and other factors, but also with the device open and stop the process and daily operations are closely related. Based on a large amount of operating data and several open and shut down experience, the anti-coking technology is rectified, including stable operation, shortening the residence time of oil and gas in the settler, increasing the amount of anti-coke steam, and using dry gas and steam stripping technology, Achieve good results. The next step will focus on the domestic and foreign advanced spinning points fast, raw material nozzles and other technology applications.