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知识已经成为地区和全球发展中一种具有决定性和竞争力的资源,特别是自从1998—1999年世界银行着手发起和推广“发展的知识”范式以后。在生产和引导全球知识的过程中,开发机构和发展问题专家通过运用崭新的管理结构和得到技术支持的社会网络而成为核心角色。在全球不同地区,发展问题专家建立了强有力的跨国认知共同体,并在知识共享中发挥战略性作用。在电子修订过程中,知识被过滤、编码和标准化,以促进知识的分配和可能的收购。我们将描述这一特有的全球知识架构的出现及知识工程的运作方式。本文表明,尽管这些新出现的发展合作有弥合南北方知识差距和数字鸿沟的雄心勃勃的目标,但却恰恰再生产出了那些它们本来试图克服的不平等。实施这些战略的愿望虽然非常美好,但结果却产生了一种知识陷阱。本文将给出来自东南亚、中亚和西非的经验证据。在创建富有实质内容的、强大而有活力的知识社会的过程中,我们期待出现有关发展合作的多元化战略,以及重视全球知识和地方知识的一群新的杰出人物。
Knowledge has become a decisive and competitive resource for regional and global development, especially since the World Bank embarked on launching and promoting the paradigm of “development” in 1998-1999. In producing and guiding global knowledge, development agencies and development specialists have become central players through the use of new management structures and social networks with technical support. In different parts of the world, development specialists have built strong communities of transnational awareness and play a strategic role in knowledge sharing. During the electronic revision process, knowledge is filtered, coded and standardized to facilitate the distribution of knowledge and possible acquisitions. We will describe the advent of this unique global knowledge architecture and how it works. This article shows that while these emerging development cooperation have ambitious goals of bridging the North-South knowledge gap and the digital divide, they have just reproduced the inequalities they were trying to overcome. The desire to implement these strategies, while very good, resulted in a knowledge trap. This article will give empirical evidence from Southeast Asia, Central Asia and West Africa. In creating a substantive, robust and dynamic knowledge society, we look forward to a diversified strategy of development cooperation and a new group of eminent personalities who value global and local knowledge.