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航天器回收着陆过程中依靠减速伞将主降落伞伞包从伞舱中拉出是主降落伞顺利工作的第一步,也是航天器能否安全着陆至关重要的一步。释放减速伞后是通过作用在减速伞伞带及主降落伞伞包拖带上的拉力将主降落伞伞包从主伞舱中拉出的,在释放减速伞拉主降落伞伞包过程中将产生一个很大的载荷作用在减速伞伞带及主降落伞伞包拖带上。文章基于牛顿力学,通过建立释放减速伞后拉主降落伞伞包过程的动力学模型,计算出释放减速伞拉主降落伞伞包过程减速伞伞绳、吊带及主伞包拖带的拉力随时间的变化情况。通过仿真结果分析及与高塔投放试验结果比对,证明了仿真模型的符合性,并在此基础上研究了减速伞自由行程、释放减速伞时下落速度、伞带长度、伞带断裂强力、主伞包质量、减速伞尺寸等因素对伞带载荷的影响程度,根据影响分析结果得出可以通过减小减速伞自由行程、减小释放减速伞时速度、增加伞绳长度、减小伞带总断裂强力、减小主伞包质量、减小主伞包尺寸等设计方法来减小伞带载荷。文章的仿真结果可以为降落伞设计提供参考。
It is a crucial step for the main parachute to work smoothly and also to ensure the safe landing of the spacecraft by relying on a parachute umbrella to pull the main parachute umbrella bag out of the umbrella compartment during the recovery of the spacecraft. After releasing the deceleration umbrella, the main parachute umbrella bag is pulled out of the main umbrella compartment by the pulling force acting on the parachute belts and the main parachute umbrella bag to release a parachute pulling the main parachute umbrella bag will produce a very A large load acting on the parachute belt and the main parachute umbrella bag towing. Based on the Newtonian mechanics, the dynamic model of the main parachute parachute bag after releasing the parachute was established to calculate the variation with time of the pulling force of the parachute parachute, Happening. Based on the analysis of the simulation results and comparison with the test results of the tower, the compliance of the simulation model is proved. On the basis of this, the free stroke of the deceleration parachute, the falling speed of the parachute, the length of the parachute belt, the breaking strength of the parachute belt, According to the result of influence analysis, it can be concluded that by reducing the free stroke of the deceleration parachute, the speed of releasing the parachute can be reduced, the length of the parachute rope can be increased, and the length of the parachute belt can be reduced Total breaking strength, reducing the quality of the main parachute bag, reducing the size of the main parachute bag design methods to reduce the umbrella belt load. The simulation results of the article can provide reference for parachute design.