统计学是研究如何收集、整理、分析数据的科学,它可以为人们制定决策提供依据．在客观世界中,需要认识的现象无穷无尽．要认识某现象的第一步就是通过观察或试验取得观测资料,然后通过分析这些资料来认识此现象．如何取得有代表性的观测资料并能够正确地加以分析,是正确地认识未知现象的基础,也是统计所研究的基本问题． Statistics is the science of how to collect, organize, and analyze data. It can provide a basis for people to make decisions. In the objective world, the phenomena that need to be recognized are endless. The first step in understanding a phenomenon is to obtain observations through observation or experimentation, and then to analyze this information to understand this phenomenon. How to obtain representative observational data and analyze them correctly is the basis for understanding the unknown phenomenon correctly, and it is also a basic issue studied by the Institute of Statistics.