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笔者曾经听说过这样一个故事:一只兔子受伤了,拼命逃窜,猎狗为了完成猎人的使命,尽力而为,结果受伤的兔子逃脱了,强壮的猎狗却没有完成任务。我在想:如果猎人当时下达任务时说所获猎物归自己享用,也许结果就不一样了;如果没有生命危险,受伤的兔子绝不会跑那么快。这既是“全力以赴”和“尽力而为”的区别,也是“主动”与“被动”最好的诠释。试想,孩子们在学习上能够像那只受伤的兔子那样全力以赴,极尽自己所能主动学习,效果一定很理想,何况那些没有受伤的“兔子”呢?所以,在小学语文教学实践中培养学生的自主意识是非常重要的。新课标所提倡的“自主、合作、探究”的学习方式也把培养学生的自主学习提到首位。教育家陶行知先生曾有这么一段话:“与其把学生当作鸭子填入一些零碎知识,不如给他们几把钥匙,使他们可以自主的去开发文化的金库和宇宙之宝藏。”这里的“几把钥匙”和“自动的开发”谈的就是在教学实践中教师应培养学生自主意识和自主能力的问题。那么,怎样在小学语文教学实践中培养学生的自主意识呢?笔者从以下几个方面谈谈自己的做法。
I have heard of such a story: a rabbit injured, desperate to flee, the hound in order to complete the hunter’s mission, do our best, the result of the injured rabbit escaped, the strong hound did not complete the task. I was wondering: if the hunter said at the time he was assigned the quarry he had taken for himself, the result might not be the same; the wounded rabbit would never run that fast if it was not life-threatening. This is not only the difference between “all-in-one” and “best-effort”, but also the best interpretation of “active” and “passive”. Imagine, the children learn to be able to go all out like the injured rabbit, do their best to take the initiative to learn, the effect must be very satisfactory, not to mention those who are not injured “rabbit”? So, in primary language teaching It is very important to cultivate students’ self-awareness in practice. The new curriculum advocated “autonomy, cooperation, exploration ” learning methods also to cultivate students’ autonomous learning mentioned in the first place. The educator Tao Xingzhi once said something like this: “Instead of filling students with ducks as fragmentary knowledge, it is better to give them a few keys to enable them to develop their own cultural treasuries and treasures of the universe.” “ Here ”a few keys “ and ”automatic development " about the teaching practice is that teachers should cultivate students’ sense of autonomy and autonomy. So, how to cultivate students’ self-awareness in the practice of primary school Chinese teaching? The author talks about his own practice from the following aspects.