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目的分析2004―2016年河南省人间狂犬病流行特征,为开展狂犬病监测与防控工作提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集河南省2004―2016年人间狂犬病疫情报告数据,采用描述流行病学方法对狂犬病疫情数据进行流行特征分析。结果 2004―2016年河南省共报告人间狂犬病1 441例,年均发病率为0.117/10万。全年各月均有病例报告,其中6―11月发病数相对较多,共报告921例,占发病总数的63.91%。发病数居前3位的地区分别为南阳市(226例,占15.68%)、周口市(181例,占12.56%)、商丘市(149例,占10.34%);农村地区共报告人间狂犬病1 422例,占发病总数的98.68%。男性998例,女性443例,男女性别比为2.25∶1;病例年龄以40~59岁年龄组发病数最多,共报告594例,占41.22%;病例职业以农民最多,共报告948例,占65.79%。结论 2004―2016年河南省狂犬病发病人群以男性、青壮年、农民为主,今后应以农村地区为重点采取综合措施加强狂犬病防控工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human rabies from 2004 to 2016 in Henan Province and provide a scientific basis for the surveillance and prevention and control of rabies. Methods The data of epidemic situation of human rabies in Henan Province collected from 2004 to 2016 in China were collected by China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Epidemiological characteristics of rabies epidemic data were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 1 441 human rabies cases were reported in Henan province from 2004 to 2016, with an average annual incidence of 0.117 / 100 000. There are case reports throughout the year, of which 6-11 months relatively large number of cases, a total of 921 cases were reported, accounting for 63.91% of the total number of cases. The top three incidence areas were Nanyang (226 cases, 15.68%), Zhoukou (181 cases, 12.56%) and Shangqiu (149 cases, 10.34%). In rural areas, rabies 1 422 cases, accounting for 98.68% of the total incidence. There were 998 males and 443 females, with a male / female ratio of 2.25: 1. The number of cases was 40-59 years old with 594 cases, accounting for 41.22% 65.79%. Conclusion From 2004 to 2016, the incidence of rabies in Henan Province is dominated by male, young adults and peasants. In the future, comprehensive measures should be taken to strengthen the prevention and control of rabies in rural areas.