目的了解厦门市中小学生尝试吸烟现状及相关影响因素,为制定青少年控烟策略提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,对厦门市19所中小学校的6 085名学生进行现场问卷调查,对尝试吸烟的影响因素进行分析。结果厦门市中小学生尝试吸烟率为20.9%,高中男生尝试吸烟率(45.0%)明显高于其他学段男生(χ2=12.693,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,男生、父母文化程度低、控烟技巧掌握水平低、家庭被动吸烟、家长未明确禁止孩子吸烟、同伴吸烟的学生尝试吸烟的危险度高(P值均<0.05);而对吸烟行为认同度低、学校禁烟措施严格、获取烟草途径难、接触媒体广告少的学生尝试吸烟的危险度较低(P值均<0.05)。结论学校、家庭、社会联合起来,共同创造一个良好的无烟环境,才能有效预防和控制青少年吸烟。 Objective To understand the status quo of smoking in primary and secondary school students in Xiamen City and the related influencing factors, so as to provide basis for formulating tobacco control strategies for adolescents. Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a field survey on 6 085 students in 19 primary and secondary schools in Xiamen City, and the influencing factors of smoking attempt were analyzed. Results The prevalence of smoking among primary and middle school students in Xiamen was 20.9%. The prevalence of smoking among high school boys (45.0%) was significantly higher than that of other boys (χ2 = 12.693, P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression showed that boys and parents had a low educational level, a low level of mastery of tobacco control skills, passive smoking in the family and no explicit prohibition of smoking by their parents, and a high risk of cigarette smoking by peers (all P <0.05). However, Students with low acceptance of smoking behavior, strict smoking ban in school, poor access to tobacco and low exposure to media advertisements had a lower risk of smoking (P <0.05). Conclusions Schools, families and the community can work together to create a good smoke-free environment in order to effectively prevent and control young people’s smoking.