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陕北侏罗纪煤田煤层埋藏浅,地表生态环境脆弱,煤炭开采过程中的环境保护备受关注。目前重点开发的神北矿区和榆神矿区东部,煤层埋深普遍小于150m,开采导致水位下降,诱发一系列表生生态环境问题和社会矛盾。表生生态环境严格受控于地下水位,采煤过程中,控制地下水位不发生明显下降是陕北生态脆弱矿区保水开采的核心。榆神矿区含煤地层整体向北西倾斜,煤层上覆基岩厚度向北西方向增大,基岩之上普遍分布有红土隔水层,深入研究煤炭开采过程中不对含水层造成破坏的煤水共生地质条件,确定既可采煤、又可实现水位不明显下降的区域,是陕北生态脆弱矿区保水开采的重要途径。论述了榆神矿区西部区保水开采地质条件,提出了开发建议。
The coal in Jurassic coalfield in northern Shaanxi is shallow buried and the ecological environment of the surface is fragile, and environmental protection in the process of coal mining attracts much attention. Currently, the Shenbei Mining Area and the east of Yushen Mining Area, which are currently under development, are generally less than 150m in depth. As a result of the mining, water level declines, causing a series of ecological and environmental problems and social conflicts. Superficial ecological environment is strictly controlled by the groundwater level. During coal mining, controlling the groundwater level without obvious drop is the core of water conservation and mining in ecologically fragile mining areas in northern Shaanxi. The coal-bearing strata in Yushen mining area are generally inclined to the northwest and the thickness of basement bed overlying coal seam increases toward northwest direction. Laterite drainage layer is widely distributed on the bedrock, and coal-water symbiosis that does not cause damage to aquifer in coal mining process is deeply studied Geological conditions, to determine both the coal can be achieved, but did not significantly reduce the water level in the region, ecological fragile mining in northern Shaanxi is an important way to water conservation. Discusses the geological conditions of water conservation mining in west area of Yushen Mining Area and puts forward some suggestions for its development.