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1 汉代经学因所据文本不同,师学渊源不一,逐渐形成了治学观点不同,方法有别,风格迥异的两大学术派别——今文经学和古文经学。今文经学以汉代隶书经典为本,主张经世致用,治学为政治服务,专明微言大义,注重师法,所以受到统治阶级的重视,被列于学官。古文经学以先秦古文经书为宗,虽然也为统治阶级服务,但治学务尊修旧文。偏于名物训诂,兼通文字、校勘,讲求家法,所以未被列于学官。两派为了争夺学术上的独尊地位,从一开始便展开了激烈的斗争:
Because of different texts and different schools of masters, the Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty gradually formed two academic schools of different scholarship, different methods and different styles of scholarship. This text classics to the Han Dynasty scripture classic-based, advocated the practical use of the world, political scholarship for political services, specifically Mingyanyongyi, focusing on teacher law, so by the ruling class, was included in the school. Ancient classics to classical scriptures in the Pre-Qin as a case, although also for the ruling class service, but governance academic respects the old text. Biased to name material 诂, both text, collation, emphasis on family law, it has not been included in the academic officer. In order to compete for academic monopoly status, the two factions started a fierce struggle from the very beginning: