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目的:研究高职大学新生心理健康状况。方法:选择安徽机电职业技术学院2004级新生1263名,分别用症状自评量表(SCL90)和卡特尔16种个性因素测验(16PF)进行心理健康水平和个性特征测试。结果:高职新生心理问题的检出率为17.7%,其突出表现为强迫症状、人际敏感、偏执和敌对等四个方面,男生多数因子分要高于女生,其中在人际关系、敌对和精神病性等三个因子存在显著性差异(P<0.05);“问题心理组”学生和正常心理组学生的16PF个性因素得分,除了恃强性、幻想性、世故性和创新性方面外,其余因素均有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:高职学院新生的心理健康状况不容乐观;男生的心理问题在总体上要多于女生,且表现有所不同;人格是影响心理健康的重要因素。
Objective: To study the mental health status of freshmen in vocational college. Methods: A total of 1263 freshmen were enrolled in 2004 in Anhui Vocational College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering. Mental health status and personality traits were tested by Self-rating Symptom Scale (SCL90) and Cartel 16 Personality Factor Test (16PF) respectively. Results: The detection rate of psychological problems among freshmen in higher vocational schools was 17.7%, which manifested themselves in four aspects: obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, paranoid and hostility. Most of male students had higher scores than girls in the aspects of interpersonal relationship, hostility and mental illness Sex and other three factors (P <0.05). The scores of personality factors of 16PF students in “psychological group” and “normal psychological group”, except for strength, fantasy, sophistication and innovation, There were significant differences (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusions: The mental health status of freshmen in vocational colleges is not optimistic; the psychological problems of boys are generally more than that of girls, and the performance is different; personality is an important factor affecting mental health.