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通过对海伦农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站内3种土地利用下共5个处理(裸地、草地、无肥耕地、施化肥耕地、施化肥和有机肥耕地)的典型黑土中的磷素进行了测定,结果表明经过20年长期定位试验后,3种土地利用方式下的土壤中草地全磷含量比裸地高17.5%,速效磷含量比裸地高22.9%;无肥耕地土壤全磷含量比裸地高7.9%,速效磷含量比裸地高80.1%。施化肥耕地全磷含量比无肥耕地高17.1%,速效磷含量是无肥耕地的3.3倍;施化肥和有机肥耕地全磷含量比施化肥耕地高46.3%,速效磷含量是施化肥耕地的3.3倍。土壤无机磷分级结果表明,不同土地利用下土壤中Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P、Fe-P含量差异显著,而O-P、Ca10-P含量无明显变化,其中Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P、Fe-P的含量,草地与裸地相比分别提高了30%、38%、17%、6.2%;无肥耕地与裸地相比提高了110%、75%、7.7%、-25%,与草地相比提高了62%、27%、-7.8%、-29%。施化肥耕地与无肥耕地相比,土壤中Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P、Fe-P的含量分别提高了13%、153%、124%、92%;施化肥和有机肥耕地与施化肥耕地相比分别提高了341%、357%、136%、69%。对土壤磷的吸附性能测定结果表明,3种土地利用下土壤对磷的吸附能力为:无肥耕地>草地>裸地;耕地的3个处理中施化肥和有机肥可明显提高土壤对磷的吸附能力。
The phosphorus in typical black soil of five treatments (bare land, grassland, no fertilizer, fertilizers, fertilizers and organic fertilizers) of three kinds of land use in Helen Farmland Ecosystem National Field Observatory The results showed that after 20 years of long-term experiment, total phosphorus content of grassland soil under the three land use patterns was 17.5% higher than that of bare land and 22.9% higher than that of bare land. Soil total phosphorus 7.9% higher than the bare land, available phosphorus content of 80.1% higher than bare land. The content of total phosphorus in fertilized cultivated land was 17.1% higher than that in non-fertile cultivated land and the available phosphorus content was 3.3 times of that in non-fertile cultivated land. The content of total phosphorus in fertilized and organic farmland was 46.3% higher than that in fertilized cultivated land, 3.3 times. Soil inorganic phosphorus grading results showed that the contents of Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P and Fe-P in different soil were significantly different, while the contents of OP and Ca10- The contents of P, Al-P and Fe-P increased by 30%, 38%, 17% and 6.2% in grassland and bare land respectively. Compared with bare land, the no-fertile land increased by 110%, 75% and 7.7% %, -25%, increased by 62%, 27%, -7.8%, -29% compared with that of grassland. The contents of Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P and Fe-P in soil were increased by 13%, 153%, 124% and 92% respectively compared with the no-fertilizer cultivated land. Fertilizer and organic fertilizer Compared with fertilizers, the cultivated land increased by 341%, 357%, 136% and 69% respectively. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of phosphorus to soil under three kinds of land use was: no-fat cultivated land> grassland> bare land. Fertilizers and organic fertilizers applied in 3 treatments of cultivated land could obviously increase the contents of phosphorus Adsorption capacity.